(Abstract)

Increasing need for ブックメーカーサッカー volume reduction and detoxifying and recycling of waste incineration residue has given birth to ブックメーカーサッカー melting and quenching methods in which ブックメーカーサッカー residue is turned into molten slag at a high temperature. In Japan, nearly one hundred facilities have working melting furnaces. In ブックメーカーサッカー melting process, most of ブックメーカーサッカー dioxins contained in ブックメーカーサッカー incineration residue are disintegrated, and ブックメーカーサッカー molten slag thus formed does not leach heavy metals, turning it non-toxic while reducing its volume. ブックメーカーサッカー melting process, however, consumes large amount of energy. For energy conservation and prevention of global warming, research and application studies are underway to develop a technology that enables detoxifying and utilizing incineration residue while using much less energy.

(Abstract)

We have been devoloping a sludge gasification system that enables effective utilization of ブックメーカーサッカー energy in ブックメーカーサッカー sewage sludge, and its volume reduction. Recently, we conducted a three-month continuous operation of ブックメーカーサッカー sludge gasification and power generation demonstration plant of 15ton/day throughput with 200kW power generation capacity. Since its inception in 2004, it has been proving us with operational data. ブックメーカーサッカー 90-day, 2,000 hour operation, a first in Japan, was accomplished, maintaining 92%-plus carbon conversion rate and 60~65% cold-gas efficiency for ブックメーカーサッカー duration, while tar-cracking and removal rate of approximately 98% was maintained. No problem due to tar was encountered, assuring steady operation. ブックメーカーサッカー power generation, at 200kW output, demonstrated a high generation efficiency of 38%. ブックメーカーサッカー demonstration test has proven that this gasification system is suitable for commercial application.

(Abstract)

ブックメーカーサッカー need for ブックメーカーサッカー intensive removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from enclosed bodies of water has grown rapidly so as to prevent eutrophication. Currently, biological treatment is most commonly used as a means of nitrogen removal. It does require large facility, and results in high treatment cost.Lately, a new biological nitrogen removal technology called Anammox method (AnaerobicAmmoniumOxidation) is gaining attention, and we have been developing this technology for several years. ブックメーカーサッカー authors aimed at its practical use in ブックメーカーサッカー sewage treatment arena, and demonstrated application of Anammox method to ブックメーカーサッカー effluent from sludge digestion and dewatering processes that contains high concentration of nitrogen (ammonium). Optimum conditions and methods of operation have been established by a long-term demonstration run that has proven approximately 80% nitrogen removal. It has also achieved an operating speed that is more than 5 times as fast as ブックメーカーサッカー conventional methods, leading to ブックメーカーサッカー possibilities of great reduction in ブックメーカーサッカー operating cost and ブックメーカーサッカー size of ブックメーカーサッカー plant.

(Abstract)

We have built for and delivered to Ichihara New Energy Co.a facility that incinerates non-recyclable materials such as plastics and wood waste using a special step-type stoker furnace. It uses ブックメーカーサッカー steam from a tail-end type boiler to generate electricity. ブックメーカーサッカー electric power thus generated is mostly exported, with a small portion used in-house. Additionally, heat is recovered from ブックメーカーサッカー turbine exhaust in ブックメーカーサッカー form of heated water that is sent to a greenhouse next door. We have also introduced a combustion control system for plant automation. This article reports on ブックメーカーサッカー outline of ブックメーカーサッカー plant, and ブックメーカーサッカー results of ブックメーカーサッカー test operation.

(Abstract)

At sugar refineries, sugar cane is shredded and pressed to squeeze out ブックメーカーサッカー sugar. When ブックメーカーサッカー sugar is removed, it is called bagasse, and many refineries use it as a biomass fuel. It is burned, and its thermal energy is recovered in ブックメーカーサッカー form of steam that generates electricity to be used in ブックメーカーサッカー plant as ブックメーカーサッカー source of heat and power.

We have built our largest boiler for Erawan Sugar Co., of Nongbualamphu province, in northeast Thailand. This article reports on ブックメーカーサッカー outline of this facility and its operation.

(Abstract)

With ブックメーカーサッカー prevailing anxiety regarding global warming, biomass fuels are gaining serious interest as something to replace fossil fuels, reducing environmental load. Above all, use of wood biomass is becoming very popular because it is widely available, and does not increase carbon dioxide in ブックメーカーサッカー atmosphere. It is a source of "carbon neutral" energy.

We are building increasing number of thermal recycling plants that burn wood biomass directly, starting with one delivered to Biopower Katsuta Ltd. This article reports on ブックメーカーサッカー major plants commissioned during ブックメーカーサッカー 2007~2008 period.

(Abstract)

We have been developing a water-cooled stoker that can handle high-calorie materials and high-temperature combustion with low air ratio while assuring longevity for its fire grates. ブックメーカーサッカー fire grates were cast with cooling-water pipes embedded in them. Heating tests using an electric furnace and combustion tests using an experimental small-scale stoker have been conducted, confirming ブックメーカーサッカー heat transfer characteristics of ブックメーカーサッカー water-cooled fire grates. In order to ascertain ブックメーカーサッカー longevity of ブックメーカーサッカー grates, we installed a water-cooled stoker in an industrial-waste incinerator and started demonstration tests burning wastes with ブックメーカーサッカー high estimated LHV of 16.7MJ/kg. (4,000kcal/kg) in March 2007. These water-cooled grates were installed where they would be exposed to such severe condition that existing air-cooled grates would need replacing within a year or two of operation. ブックメーカーサッカー water-cooled grates have been maintaining an average temperature below 200℃ , and stable operation is continuing. Follow-up monitoring of ブックメーカーサッカー grate longevity is going on, with satisfactory results.

(Abstract)

Non-catalytic denitration is a method of deoxidizing NO into N₂ by injecting urea or NH₃ into a waste incineration furnace. This method has an advantage over ブックメーカーサッカー catalytic de-NOx system as it uses simpler equipment, reducing operation cost. However, un-reacted NH₃ reacts with HCl in ブックメーカーサッカー exhaust gas, forming NH₄Cl that generates white plume. In this research, we studied ブックメーカーサッカー conditions of plume formation in ブックメーカーサッカー exhaust gas treatment system, and ブックメーカーサッカー possibility of preventing it by ブックメーカーサッカー addition of reagents in ブックメーカーサッカー bag filter (BF). For this purpose, a lab-scale experimental BF was built, and NH₄Cl formation and removal tests have been conducted using NH₃ and HCl control gases. Since ブックメーカーサッカー mol ratio of NH₃ and HCl contained in ブックメーカーサッカー dust captured by ブックメーカーサッカー filter element remained approximately 1:1 regardless of ブックメーカーサッカー test conditions, it was assumed that most of ブックメーカーサッカー NO is captured in ブックメーカーサッカー form of NH₄Cl. We therefore based our observation on ブックメーカーサッカー premise : capture ratio=NH₄Cl generation ratio. ブックメーカーサッカー NH₄Cl generation ratio increased as ブックメーカーサッカー temperature dropped, and by lowering ブックメーカーサッカー BF operation temperature to around 160℃ , most of ブックメーカーサッカー un-reacted NH₃ seemed to be captured as NH₄Cl. In addition, activated carbon applied to ブックメーカーサッカー surface of ブックメーカーサッカー BF elements would adsorb NH₃. By adding activated carbon mist to ブックメーカーサッカー exhaust gas treatment process, therefore, better plume control will be achieved.